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Capital punishment in Nebraska
Capital punishment was abolished in the U.S. state of Nebraska in May 2015. A total of 37 individuals have been executed in Nebraska (including three after 1976, when the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of capital punishment in ''Gregg v. Georgia''), while 10 people were on death row at the time of its abolition.〔http://www.omaha.com/news/crime/nebraska-has-purchased-drugs-necessary-for-lethal-injections-gov-ricketts/article_3423d60a-fa8c-11e4-a761-1f25f74fc5ba.html〕〔http://www.omaha.com/news/nebraska/nebraska-death-row-inmate-michael-ryan-dies/article_f35c008c-02e4-11e5-a86b-b7ba1e438c2c.html〕
The Nebraska Supreme Court declared electrocution to be "cruel and unusual punishment" in February 2008, and in May 2009, the state legislature adopted lethal injection as its execution method. On 20 May 2015, the Nebraska State Legislature (a unicameral body) voted 32–15 on LB268 to abolish the death penalty in the State of Nebraska. The bill was introduced by State Senator Ernie Chambers, who had introduced similar pieces of legislation over prior decades. Governor Pete Ricketts, serving his first year in office, had vowed to veto the bill should it pass. Ricketts vetoed the legislation on May 26th, 2015. The legislature voted 30-19 to override the governor's veto on May 27, 2015, thereby ending the practice of capital punishment in the state, which became the 19th state to do so. In the summer of 2015, a pro-death penalty organization, Nebraskans for the Death Penalty, gathered signatures on a ballot measure petition seeking to reinstate the death penalty in the state. In order to put a statewide referendum on the 2016 ballot, the group must submit approximately 57,000 valid signatures from registered voters.
==Process==
The State must file an information containing a "notice of aggravation,"〔http://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=29-1603〕 notifying the defendant that the State intends to seek the death penalty. After the jury determines the defendant's guilt and the existence of one or more alleged aggravating circumstances,〔http://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=29-2520〕 a three-judge panel determines the existence of mitigating circumstances and weighs the aggravating and mitigating circumstances to determine whether the death penalty should be imposed.〔http://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=29-2521〕 The Governor of Nebraska sits on the board that determines clemency. 31 people have been given clemency including 11 since 1976. First-degree murder is the only Class I crime. The Nebraska State Penitentiary is where executions in Nebraska have taken place since 1903. As in any other state, people who are under 18 at the time of commission of the capital crime〔Roper v. Simmons, 543 U.S. 551 (2005)〕 or mentally challenged〔Atkins v. Virginia, 536 U.S. 304 (2002)〕 are constitutionally precluded from being executed.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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